Knowledge & Health9220140320The Effect of Varicocelectomy on Spermatogram Index39539510.1234/knh.v0i0.395FAMohammad BagherSohrabi. mb.sohrabi@yahoo.comAminollahAminiPoonehZolfaghariElaheYahyaei20131125Introduction: Varicocele is a common cause of male infertility that is treatable, and often its diagnosis is delayed due to various factors. Because of high prevalence of varicocele in men, the diagnosis and treatment of this problem have always been parts of important steps in urology. Several studies have been conducted on the treatment of varicocele and semen quality changes that were usually incomplete and had different results. Method: This cross-sectional study was performed on all patients who were diagnosed with varicocele since 2009 till 2011. After completion of self-reported questionnaire for each patient, examination of semen fluid were carried out before and after varicocelectomy (twice in three months and six months after varicocelectomy) and the results were compared. Result: In this study, mean age of 250 individuals was 35.2 ± 3.9 years. The majority of the subjects were in the age group 31-40 years (70.8 %). 198 cases (79.2%) of the total patients were married. In 218 cases (87.2%), varicoceles were in left side. This research showed that surgical treatment caused the better semen index including mean volume semen (P<0.001), mean count sperm (P<0.001), motility of sperm (P<0.001), morphology of sperm (P<0.001) and mean pH (P<0.001).Conclusion: This research shows that timely diagnosis and treatment of varicocele can improve the sperm quality index and probably decrease the men infertility.