بررسی تأثیر اجرای برنامه توانبخشی مبتنیبر جامعه بر وضعیت زندگی معلولان در ایران
DOI::
https://doi.org/10.22100/jkh.v7i4.75کلمات کلیدی:
توانبخشی مبتنیبر جامعه، معلول.چکیده
مقدمه: توانبخشی مبتنیبر جامعه، یک استراتژی جهت بهبود کیفیت زندگی معلولان میباشد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین تأثیر اجرای برنامه توانبخشی مبتنیبر جامعه، بر وضعیت زندگی معلولان ایران انجام شدهاست.
مواد و روشها: پژوهش حاضر كه در سال 1390 انجام شده، از نوع مطالعات مقايسهاي است. روش نمونهگیری بهصورت چندمرحلهای بود. در مرحله اول، از بین استانهای کشور 30% بهروش نمونهگیری تصادفی و در مرحله بعد 50 شهرستان از بین 100 شهرستانی که مجری طرح توانبخشی مبتنیبر جامعه در این 10 استان بودند، انتخاب گردیدند. سپس در هر شهرستان 30 معلول بهصورت تصادفی انتخاب و بهطورکلی برای 1503 معلول، فرم جمعآوری اطلاعات تیزون تکمیل گردید. براساس اين پرسشنامه، تواناييهاي فرد معلول قبل و بعد از اجراي برنامه توانبخشي مبتنيبر جامعه سنجيده شد. تجزيهوتحليل دادهها با استفاده از آزمون آماري ويلكاكسون انجامشد.
نتایج: ميانگين (±انحراف معیار) سني افراد شرکتکننده در مطالعه 2/14±30 سال بود. اکثر واحدهای پژوهش، مجرد و مرد بودند. اغلب افراد (6/36%)، معلولین جسمی و حرکتی بودند و مهمترین علت معلولیت، نقایص مادرزادی بود. پس از اجرای برنامه توانبخشی، امتیاز تواناییهای روزمره زندگی، تواناییهای حرکتی، ارتباطات اجتماعی، تواناییهای شغلی، کیفیت زندگی، مبنع درآمد، وضعیت استخدام، میزان مشارکت در زندگی اجتماعی و وضعیت آموزش، بهطور معناداری ارتقا یافتهبود. در تمامی حیطهها بین اجرای برنامه توانبخشي مبتنيبر جامعه و افزایش تواناییهای معلولین، ارتباط معناداری مشاهده شد (001/0P<).
نتیجهگیری: اجرای توانبخشی مبتنیبر جامعه تأثیر مثبتی بر بهبود وضعیت زندگی معلولین داشته است.
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