Evaluation of 2100MHz Waves Effect Emitted from Third Generation of Mobile Cell Phones On Oxidative Stress Inducing and Lung Adsorption of Tc-Mibi In Male Wistar Rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22100/jkh.v11i3.1480Keywords:
TC-MIBI, Oxidative stress, Mobile cell phone, Lung, Rat.Abstract
Introduction: TC-MIBI is a radiopharmaceutical which trend to accumulate in heart, but also has noticeable absorption in lung. Absorption in lung may change heart absorption and so affect heart imaging. We aimed to assess effect of 2100MHz cell phone waves on lung accumulation of TC-MIBI.
Methods: Male wistar rats were included in this study. After IV injection of TC-MIBI, rats were housed in standard cages which were exposed with 2100MHZ waves in time of 15, 30 minutes. In control groups, standby phones were used. Drug activity in lung was assessed using a dose- calibrator, and weight was assessed using a digital scale. Also serum concentration of malondialdehyde and activity of catalase were measured using ELISA.
Results: After 15 and 30 minutes of exposure with 2100 MHz waves, experiments have a significant increase in lung absorption of TC-MIBI. Our results also showed a significant time dependent decreasing of lung activity. Oxidative stress has not any significant changes.
Conclusion: While performing myocardial perfusion imaging by radiopharmaceutical injection of 99mTC-MIBI, if the patient use cell phone at the coverage of 2100MHz network during the preparation and imaging process, increased absorption of radiopharmaceutical by the lung may affect the amount of heart uptake that causes artifacts in imaging and may also affect to correct diagnosis by the physician.
References
Hansson GK. Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 2005;352:1685-95. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra 043430
Zaret BL. Nuclear cardiology: A victim of its own success. Journal of Nuclear Cardiology 2002;9:451-2. doi: 10.1067/mnc.2002.128503
Bianco J, Wilson M. Myocardial ischemia and viability. Textbook of Nuclear Medicine Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven 1998.p.33-56.
Aras T, Ergün EL, Bozkurt MF. Gamut: visualization of the pulmonary artery on99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion scintigraphy: a cause for focal uptake in the lung. Semin Nucl Med 2003;33:338-41.
Minai OA, Raja S, Mehta AC, Sullivan EJ, Khan SU, Dasgupta A, et al. Role of Tc-99m MIBI in the evaluation of single pulmonary nodules: a preliminary report. Thorax 2000;55:60-2. doi: 10.1136/tho rax.55.1.60
Hyland G. Physics and biology of mobile telephony. The Lancet 2000;356:1833-6. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03243-8
Nageswari KS, Sector B, editors. Biological effects of microwaves and mobile telephony. Proceeding of the international conference on Non-Ionizing radiation (ICNIR 2003); 2003 20 th-22 nd October;2003.p.1-11
Repacholi MH. Health risks from the use of mobile phones. Toxicology Letters 2001;120:323-31. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00285-5
Braune S, Wrocklage C, Raczek J, Gailus T, Lücking C. Resting blood pressure increase during exposure to a radio-frequency electromagnetic field. The Lancet 1998;351:1857-8. doi: 10.1016/ S0140-6736(98)24025-6
Ahamed VT, Karthick N, Joseph PK. Effect of mobile phone radiation on heart rate variability. Computers in Biology and Medicine 2008;38:709-12. doi: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2008.03.004
Hietanen M, Hämäläinen AM, Husman T. Hypersensitivity symptoms associated with exposure to cellular telephones: no causal link. Bioelectromagnetics 2002;23:264-70. doi: 10.1002/bem.10016
Meral I, Mert H, Mert N, Deger Y, Yoruk I, Yetkin A, et al. Effects of 900-MHz electromagnetic field emitted from cellular phone on brain oxidative stress and some vitamin levels of guinea pigs. Brain Research 2007;1169:120-4. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.07.015
Nittby H, Brun A, Eberhardt J, Malmgren L, Persson BR, Salford LG. Increased blood–brain barrier permeability in mammalian brain 7 days after exposure to the radiation from a GSM-900 mobile phone. Pathophysiology 2009;16:103-12. doi: 10.1016/j.pathophys .2009.01.001
Dasdag S, Zulkuf Akdag M, Aksen F, Yılmaz F, Bashan M, Mutlu Dasdag M, et al. Whole body exposure of rats to microwaves emitted from a cell phone does not affect the testes. BioelectroMagnetics 2003;24:182-8. doi: 10.1002/bem.10083
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
