Investigation of the Factors Affecting Duration of Sputum Smear Negative in Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Two Months after Treatment
Authors
-
Hossein Tireh1
1. Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2357-590X
-
Parastoo Golpour1
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7147-9539
-
Monavar Afzalaghaee*2
2. Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2029-6577
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22100/jkh.v14i1.2135Keywords:
Pulmonary tuberculosis, Sputum smear, IranAbstract
Introduction: Pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the most common infectious diseases and second leading cause of death among infectious diseases. Sputum smear negative at the end of the second month of treatment is considered as the most significant method of recovery diagnosis. This research was conducted due to evaluating the effective factors of the sputum smear negative for pulmonary tuberculosis patients at the end of the second month of treatment.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 274 patients with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis who were referred to health centers of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences from 2015 to 2016. Patients' demographics and clinical signs were extracted from their medical records and the effective factors of the sputum smear negativity at the end of the second month were evaluated by applying logistic regression
Results: At the end of the second month, 171 subjects (62.4 %) had smear negative, of whom 103 (60.2%) were women and 68 (64%) were men. In logistic regression, history of tuberculosis, the level of smear grade at the beginning of treatment and nationality are considered as significant factors.
Conclusion: Smear grade at the beginning of treatment should be taken into account for pulmonary tuberculosis patients as the main marker of the response to treatment. However, by considering other factors, negative effects due to delay in treatment can be prevented.References
Nasehi MM, Moosazadeh M, Amiresmaeili MR, Parsaee MR, Nezammahalleh A. The Epidemiology of Factors Associated with Screening and Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Population-Based Study. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences 2012;21:9-18.[Persian].
Yari M, Molaeipour L, Jafari MR, Valipour AA, Khazaei S, Roushanaei G. Assessing relation between sputum smear grading in positive pulmonary Tuberculosis patients with treatment outcome. Pajouhan Scientific Journal 2016;14:1-7.[Persian].
Caetano Mota P, Carvalho A, Valente I, Braga R, Duarte R. Predictors of delayed sputum smear and culture conversion among a Portuguese population with pulmonary tuberculosis. Rev Port Pneumol 2012;18:72-9. doi: 10.1016/j.rppneu.2011.12.005
Bouti K, Aharmim M, Marc K, Soualhi M, Zahraoui R, Benamor J, et al. Factors influencing sputum conversion among smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Morocco. ISRN 2013;2013:1-5 doi: 10.1155/2013/486507
Parikh R, Nataraj G, Kanade S, Khatri V, Mehta P. Time to sputum conversion in smear positive pulmonary TB patients on category I DOTS and factors delaying it. J Assoc Physicians India 2012;60:22-6.
Esmaily H, Afzal Aghaei M, Samiei A, Bahrampoor A. Determining Factors Affecting Time to Sputum Smear Conversion in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Using Cox Semi-Parametric Method. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences 2016;23:671-82.[Persian].
Ministry of Health and Medical Education. The incidence of tuberculosis in Iran Tehran.2017.
Arab Borzou Z, Afzal Aghaei M, Esmaeli H, Samiei A, Jamali J, Mohammadzadelari S. Evaluating related factors with sputum smear negation at the end of the second month of tuberculosis treatment. Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 2016;58:547-54.[Persian].
Jafarzadeh M, Rejali M, Mahaki B, Akhtardel H, Jafarzadeh F. Factors affecting period sputum smear negativepulmonary tuberculosis in north Khorasan province: a historical cohort study. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences 2017;9:55-64.[Persian].
Dominguez-Castellano A, Muniain M, Rodriguez-Bano J, Garcia M, Rios M, Galvez J, et al. Factors associated with time to sputum smear conversion in active pulmonary tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2003;7:432-8.
Liu Z, Shilkret KL, Ellis HM. Predictors of sputum culture conversion among patients with tuberculosis in the era of tuberculosis resurgence. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:1110-6.
Singla R, Osman M, Khan N, Al-Sharif N, Al-Sayegh M, Shaikh M. Factors predicting persistent sputum smear positivity among pulmonary tuberculosis patients 2 months after treatment. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2003;7:58-64.
Khazaei S, Kousehlou Z, Karami M, Zahiri A, Bathaei J. Time to sputum conversion among patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis and its determinants: A retrospective cohort study in Hamadan Province, Iran. Iranian Journal of Epidemiology 2013;9:32-40.[Persian].
Berhe G, Enquselassie F, Aseffa A. Treatment outcome of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in tigray region, northern ethiopia. BMC Public Health 2012;12:537.
Manissero D, Hollo V, Huitric E, Ködmön C, Amato-Gauci A. Analysis of tuberculosis treatment outcomes in the European Union and European Economic Area: efforts needed towards optimal case management and control. Euro Surveill 2010;15:19514.
Telzak EE, Fazal BA, Pollard CL, Turett GS, Justman JE, Blum S. Factors influencing time to sputum conversion among patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis 1997;25:666-70.
Kim HR, Hwang SS, Kim HJ, Lee SM, Yoo CG, Kim YW, et al. Impact of extensive drug resistance on treatment outcomes in non-HIV-infected patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis 2007;45:1290-5. doi: 10.1086/522537
Jha UM, Satyanarayana S, Dewan PK, Chadha S, Wares F, Sahu S, et al. Risk factors for treatment default among re-treatment tuberculosis patients in India, 2006. PLoS One 2010;5:e8873. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008873
Pajankar S, Khandekar R, Al Amri MA, Al Lawati MR. Factors influencing sputum smear conversion at one and two months of tuberculosis treatment. Oman Med J 2008;23:263-8.
Garrido Mda S, Penna ML, Perez-Porcuna TM, de Souza AB, da Silva Marreiro L, Albuquerque BC, et al. Factors associated with tuberculosis treatment default in an endemic area of the Brazilian Amazon: a case control-study. PloS One 2012;7:e39134. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039134
Güler M, Ünsal E, Dursun B, AydIn Ö, Capan N. Factors influencing sputum smear and culture conversion time among patients with new case pulmonary tuberculosis. Int J Clin Pract 2007;61:231-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2006.01131.x
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
