Evaluation of Aluminum in Iranian Consumed Tea
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22100/jkh.v3i2.215Keywords:
Aluminum, Tea, Infusion, Iran.Abstract
Introduction: Black tea leaf is one of the most important sources of Aluminum in dietary. Therefore this research was conducted to assess the amount of Aluminum in Iranian tea infusion.
Methods: To assess Aluminum in Iranian consumed tea, 27 tea samples were analyzed for Al concentration for 10 and 60 min infusion, aluminum concentration was measured with atomic absorption and the results were analyzed by SPSS.13 version.
Results: The results showed that minimum and maximum concentration of Al in tea infusion for 10 min infusion was 1.59 and 18.60 mg.L-1 respectively in this regard Baroti and Bamdad tea show the highest and lowest concentration respectively in term of Al, Also Statistical analysis with pair T-test showed that infusion time doesn't significantly effects on aluminum leaching into infusion (P>0.05). Calculation of percentage ‘available’ Al to the human system showed that 1 L of tea can provide 17.68 % of the daily dietary intake of Al, the percentage ‘available’ for absorption in the intestine is only 8.49 % for overall mean Al concentration.
Conclusion: Therefore based on our results, tea consumption in medium values cannot cause toxic effects on human. Although it is necessary to note that tea consumption might be toxic because of effects on people with absorption or secretion problems.
References
Research deputy, report on the country condition of tea. Tehran: The Country Organization of Tea;2006.p.24-25.
Mclachlan DRC. Aluminum and the risk for Alzheimer’s disease. Environmentrics 1995;6:233–275.
Jackson ML, Huang PM. Aluminum of acid soils in the food chain and senility. Sci Total Environ 1983;28:269–276.
Koch KR. Quantitative determination of aluminums in tea by means of aluminium-27 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Analyst1990;115(6):823–825.
Powell JJ, Burden TJ, Thompson RP. In vitro mineral availability from digested tea: a rich dietary source of manganese. Analyst 1998;123(8):1721–1724.
Flaten AK, Lund W. Speciation of aluminum in tea infusions studied by size exclusion chromatography with detection by post-column reaction. Sci Total Environ 1997;207(1):21–28.
American Society of Testing and Material (ASTM). Standard guide for preparation of biological samples for inorganic chemical analysis. Annual book of ASTM. USA: Pennsylvania;1999.
Wong MH, Zhang ZQ, Wong JWC, Lan CY. Trace metal contents (Al, Cu, and Zn) of tea: tea and soil from two tea plantation, and tea products from different provinces of china. Environmental Geochemistry and Health 1998;20(2):87-94.
Rajwanshi P, Singh V, Gupta MK, Kumari V, Shrivastav R, Ramanamurthy M, et al. Studies on aluminum leaching from cookware in tea and coffee and estimation of aluminum content in toothpaste, baking powder and paa masala. Sci Total Environ 1997;193(3):243–249.
- Vicamolis K, Hassanpor MH. The evaluating of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Ni, Al) in the Iranian and emported tea. Proceeding of the third International Congress of Iranian Food Industries;2003;Tehran, Iran.Persian.
Wang L, Su D, Wang Y. Studies on the aluminum content in Chinese foods and the maximum permitted levels of aluminum in wheat flour products. Biomed Environ Sci 1994;7(1):91–99.
Expert Committee on Food Additives JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO). Summary of evaluations performed by the Joint FAO/WHO expert committee on food additives. Washington:International Life Sciences Institute Press;1999.
Rao KSJ. Aluminum content in tea leaves and in differently prepared tea infusions. Die Nahrung 1994;38:533–537.
Greger JL., Dietary and other sources of aluminum intake. Ciba found symp 1992;169:26-49.
Matsumoto H, Hirasawa E, Morimura S, Takahashi S. Localization of aluminum in tea leaves. Plant and Cell Physiology 1976;17(3):627–631.
Ozdemir Y, Gucer S. Speciation of manganese in tea leaves and tea infusions. Food Chemistry 1998;61(3):313–317.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.