The Effect of Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of Fig on Paraoxonase1 Enzyme in a Rat Hyperlipidemia Model. An In-Silico and In-Vitro Study
Authors
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Javad Saffari-Chaleshtori
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9739-5907
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Keyhan Ghatreh-Samani
- Medical Plant Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8993-0527
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Hojatollah Rohi-Brojeni
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8275-8354
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Reza Ahmadi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1623-0559
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22100/jkh.v18i2.2874Abstract
Introduction: Paraoxonase-1 is a key enzyme against Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. Increased activity of this enzyme can lead to the prevention of atherosclerosis. This study investigated the effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of fig on the activity and gene expression of paraoxonase-1. Furthermore, the effect of the most effective compounds of fig on the function of this enzyme was investigated by simulation studies.
Methods: Forty male rats were studied in four groups (n=10). Hyperlipidemia groups were treated with 400 and 800 mg/kg of hydro-alcoholic extract of fig for 90 days. The serum lipid profile was measured by standardized assay. We investigated paraoxonase-1 gene expression and also paraoxonase1-arylesterase activity. Simulation and molecular dynamics studies of the most effective compounds of fig, including gallic acid and rutin, were performed using AutoDock v.4.2 and Gromacs 2018 software.
Results: The hydro-alcoholic extract of fig decreased the lipid profile of hyperlipidemia rats (P<0.001) but increased gene expression and paraoxonase-1 activity (P<0.05). According to the results of molecular dynamics studies, two compounds of rutin and gallic acid with a high tendency to bind to the enzyme paraoxonase-1 increase the rotational diffusion of the enzyme and correspondingly increase the possibility of activating the enzyme.
Conclusion: Not only did the hydro-alcoholic extract of fig reduces the lipid profile, but it also can considerably prevent atherosclerosis by activating the enzyme paraoxonase-1.
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