Histomorphometric Evaluation of the Ovariectomized Rat’s Uterine and Role of Mast Cells in the Follicular and Luteal Phases

Abstract

Introduction: The histological changes of the reproductive system following ovariectomy and the role of mast cells in fertility, implantation, pregnancy, and the function of the reproductive system led us to investigate the relationship between the distribution of mast cells and the histological changes of the uterus in different sexual stages of ovariectomized rats.

Methods: In this study, 40 adult rats (weighing 200-220 g) were randomly divided into five main groups, each with two subgroups. The groups included the control group and those corresponding to the first, second, fourth, and eighth days following ovariectomy. Each group was examined during both the follicular and luteal stages.

Result: The study of different histomorphometric parameters showed that various changes occurred in the days following ovariectomy, with these changes being more pronounced on the eighth day compared to the earlier days. Furthermore, the average number of blood vessels in the endometrium after decreasing in the follicular phase and increasing in the luteal phase 24 hours after ovariectomy gradually increased until the 8th day, so that on the 8th day it had a significant increase compared to the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusion: The present study indicated that changes in the distribution of mast cells in the genital system across different groups and stages may be related to the tissue alterations in the genital system of ovariectomized rats.