بررسي الگوي آشکارسازي و وضعيت حمايت اجتماعي افراد HIV مثبت

نویسندگان

  • Zahra Jorjoran Shushtari دانشگاه علوم بهزيستي و توان‌بخشي تهران- گروه مديريت رفاه اجتماعي- کارشناس ارشد رفاه اجتماعي
  • Homeira Sajjadi دانشگاه علوم بهزيستي و توان‌بخشي تهران- مرکز تحقيقات تعيين‌کننده‌هاي اجتماعي سلامت- متخصص پزشکي اجتماعي
  • Ameneh Setareh Forouzan دانشگاه علوم بهزيستي و توان‌بخشي تهران- مرکز تحقيقات تعيين‌کننده‌هاي اجتماعي سلامت- گروه مديريت رفاه اجتماعي
  • Yahya Salimi دانشگاه علوم پزشکي تهران- گروه آمار و اپيدميولوژي-دانشجوي دکتري اپيدميولوژي
  • Maryam Maleki دانشگاه علوم پزشکي تهران- شبکه بهداشت جنوب تهران- مرکز مشاوره رفتاري بيمارستان امام خميني- پزشک عمومی

DOI::

https://doi.org/10.22100/jkh.v7i3.121

کلمات کلیدی:

آشکارسازي، حمايت اجتماعي، HIV مثبت

چکیده

مقدمه: آشکارسازي وضعيت ابتلا به HIV از عوامل مهم در پيشگيري و کنترل اين بيماري به‌شمارمي‌آيد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تعيين الگوي آشکارسازي وضعيتHIV  و وضعيت حمايت اجتماعي درک شده افراد مبتلا می‌باشد.

مواد و روش‌ها: 116 نفر از افراد HIV مثبت مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز مشاوره رفتاري به‌طور تصادفي انتخاب شدند. وضعيت حمايت اجتماعي با پرسش‌نامه خودايفاي نوربک و وضعيت آشکارسازي با دو سؤال بررسي گردید.

نتايج: ميانگين سني افراد تحت مطالعه 7/7±7/36 سال بود و 4/72% از افراد نمونه مرد بودند. 2/42% از افراد، آلودگي از‌طريق رابطه جنسي، 44% ازطريق تزريق با سرنگ آلوده و 8/13% نيز ديگر موارد انتقال را ذکر نمودند. از ميان اين افراد، 1/62% وضعيتHIV  خود را آشکار کرده‌ بودند. در تحليل رگرسيون لجستيک، آشکارسازي، با متغيرهاي سن، جنس، تعداد CD4، تحصيلات بالاتر از ديپلم و حمايت اجتماعي کارکردي رابطه معناداری نشان داد.

نتيجه‌گيري: بيش از نيمي از افراد، وضعيت خود را برای حداقل یکی از اعضای شبکه ارتباطی خود آشکار کرده بودند. آشکارسازي کمتر زنان مي‌تواند ناشي از نگرش جامعه درباره اين بيماري باشد. حمايت اجتماعي کارکردي مي‌تواند از عوامل مهم در آشکارسازي وضعيت ابتلا باشد. نتايج اين پژوهش لزوم توجه بيشتر به برنامه‌هاي آموزشي در افراد مبتلا و شبکه ارتباطي آن‌ها، درمورد اهميت آشکارسازي را نشان مي‌دهد.

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2012-10-01

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