Depression and General Health Status in Type II Diabetic Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22100/jkh.v3i1.204Keywords:
Depressive disorder, Diabetes, Beck's test, General health question.Abstract
Introduction: Depression disorder is a common finding in patients suffering from chronic illness especially diabetic patients. Depressions might lead to the reduction of willingness, motivation and feeling strength in self-care. This study was conducted to determine the frequency and general health status of type II diabetic patients.
Methods: In this cross- sectional study, 100 diabetic patients were selected from shahroud diabetic center in 2004; Beck's depression inventory and general health questionnaire (GHQ) and checklists were utilized to collect the relevant data.
Results: The findings indicated some degree of depression in 78% of cases and in majority of them scores were between 10- 18 (mild depression). There was a significant association between age and severity of depression (P=0.01).
Conclusion: Research findings revealed high prevalence of depressive symptoms among diabetic patients. Considering the conventional simple therapies for depression, proper screening among diabetic patient seems to be necessary. According to GHQ, 62% of diabetic patients have had psychological problems (scores>23).
References
Rosenthal MH. The challenge of comorbid disorders in patients with depression. J Am Osteopath Assoc 2003; 103: 10-5.
Sadock VV, Sadock BJ, Kaplan HI. Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry, 7th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Wiliams & Wilkins; 2005.
Connell CM. Psychosocial contexts of diabetes and older adulthood: reciprocal effects. Diabetes Educ 1991 17(5): 364- 71.
Zahiroddin AR, Sadighi G. Depression among 100 diabetics referring to university hospitals. Journal of the Faculty of Medicine 2003; 27(3): 203- 207.Persian.
Sadock BJ, Kaplan HI. Synopsis of psychiatry. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Lipincott Williams & wilkins; 2003.
Sadock BJ, Sadock VA. Kaplan & Sadock's synopsis of psychiatry. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Lipincott Williams & wilkins; 2007.
Grandinetti A, Kaholokula JK, Crabbek M, Kenui C, Chen R, Changh K. Relationship between depressive symptoms and diabetes among native Hawaiians. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2000; 25(3): 239- 246.
Harris MD. Psychosocial aspects of diabetes with an emphasis on depression. Curr Diab Rep 2003; 3(1): 49-55.
Egede LE, Zheng D, Simpson K. Comorbid depression is associated with increased health care use and expenditures in individuals with diabetes. Diabetes Care 2002; 25: 464- 470.
Rajala U, Keinänen- Kiukaanniemi S, Kivelä SL. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and depressionin a middle-aged Finnish population. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 1997; 32: 363- 367.
Bundo Vidiella M, Auba Llambrich J, Massons Cirera J, Trilla Soler MC, Perez Villegas R, Perez del Campo AM. Anxiety and depression in type II diabetics. Aten Primaria 1996; 17(1): 58- 62.
Garduno- Espinosa J, Tellez- Zenteno JF, Hernandez-Ronquillo L. Frequency of depression in patients with diabetes mellitus type II. Rev Invest Clin 1998; 50(4): 287.
Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock JD, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch general psychiatr 1961; 4: 53-63.
Goldberg D, Hillior V. A scale version of general health questionnaire. Psychol Med 1979; 9: 131-145.
Behnam B,Ghorbani R. Epidemiologic features of depression in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients in Semnan. Journal of the Faculty of Medicine 2005; 29(1):45-50. Persian.
Sepehr-Manesh Z, Sarmast H, Sadr SF, Sarbolooki SH. Prevalence and severity of depression in diabetic. Feyz 2003; 27: 69-75. Persian.
Anderson RJ, Freedland KE, Clouse RE, Lustman PJ. The prevalence of comorbid depression in adults with diabetes: a meta-analysis. Diabetes Care 2001; 24(6): 1069- 78.
Garduno-Espinosa J, Téllez-Zenteno JF, Hernández-Ronquillo L. Frequency of depression in patients with diabetes mellitus type II. Rev Invest Clin 1998; 50(4): 287- 91.
de Groot M, Anderson R, Freedland KE, Clouse RE, Lustman PJ. Association of depression and diabetes complications: A meta-analysis. Psychosom Med 2001; 63: 619- 630.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
