Protective Effects of Pentoxifylline on Methamphetamine Induced Cell Death in PC12 Cells
Authors
-
Komail Amini
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7500-8187
-
Hossein Zhaleh
- Substance Abuse Prevension Research Center, Kermanshah University Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0974-8480
-
Mohammad Reza Neurani
- Nano Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1394-6412
-
Ramezan Ali Taheri
- Nano Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1394-6412
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22100/jkh.v18i1.3076Keywords:
Methamphetamine, Pentoxyphylline, Apoptosis, Cell deathAbstract
Introduction: Methamphetamine abuse has been a global concern in the last few decades. An estimated 3.5 million people have been affected by methamphetamine abuse. Methamphetamine induces apoptosis in most cell lines. Pentoxyphilline, as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, can reduce methamphetamine-induced cell death by inflammation reduction.
Methods: PC12 cells were grown in a DMEM culture medium. Assays used in this study are listed below: MTT test for cell viability detection, LDH test for cytotoxicity measurement, caspase activity colorimetric assay kit (Bio-techne) for caspase-3 activity diagnosis, Rhodamine 123 for detection of mitochondrial membrane potential, fluorescence microscope for measurement of antioxidant enzyme activities.
Results: Pentoxyphilline increased cell viability and the Rhodamine-123 absorbance. Besides, it reduced cell cytotoxicity, caspase-3 activity, and (OH) generation in all concentrations of 1 nM to 100 µM (P<0.05) by an optimal concentration of 100 µM.
Conclusion: In conclusion, Pentoxyphilline, as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, can significantly reduce methamphetamine-induced cell death through its anti-inflammatory effects.
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