Analysis the Cytotoxicity Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Danae Racemosa Plant on Mouse Breast Cancer Cells (4T1) by MTT

Abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer, as a heterogeneous disease, is the second most common cancer in the world and the most prevalent cancer among the women. Despite improvement in treatment methods, it has still high mortality rate and requires new treatment approaches. Nowadays, many researches have been focused on application of medicinal plants for cancer treatment. Therefore, according to antioxidant properties of Danae racemosa plant, in present study the cytotoxicity effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Danae racemosa was assessed on breast cancer cell line.

Methods: Danae racemosa plant was collected, washed and dried. Then, the hydroalcoholic extract of Danae racemosa was extracted via maceration method in darkness. The 4T1 cell line of mouse breast cancer was cultured in RPMI1640 and then treated with seven concentration of extract (31.25–2000 µg/ml). Subsequently, the viability of the cancer cells was assessed using MTT test after 24, 48 and 72 h.

Results: According to the results, the viability of the 4T1 cells was significantly reduced upon the increase in extract concentration and treatment duration (P<0.05). The maximum viability of the cells was 93.87%, referred to 24 h treatment with 31.25 µg/ml of extract and the minimum viability was 13.29%, referred to 72 h treatment with 2000 µg/ml of extract.

Conclusion: The results of present study indicate the cytotoxicity effects of Danae racemosa extract on 4T1 cells in concentration and time dependent manner. Hence, Danae racemosa plant could be considered as a substitute or complementary treatment for breast cancer. However, its therapeutic application requires more studies.